ext4: guard against EA inode refcount underflow in xattr update
CVE-2025-40190 is fixed in 81 products on 1 platform, first by DEBIAN-CVE-2025-40190, released November 12, 2025. It is not reported as exploited. Patch Radar priority: High.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: guard against EA inode refcount underflow in xattr update syzkaller found a path where ext4_xattr_inode_update_ref() reads an EA inode refcount that is already <= 0 and then applies ref_change (often -1). That lets the refcount underflow and we proceed with a bogus value, triggering errors like: EXT4-fs error: EA inode <n> ref underflow: ref_count=-1 ref_change=-1 EXT4-fs warning: ea_inode dec ref err=-117 Make the invariant explicit: if the current refcount is non-positive, treat this as on-disk corruption, emit ext4_error_inode(), and fail the operation with -EFSCORRUPTED instead of updating the refcount. Delete the WARN_ONCE() as negative refcounts are now impossible; keep error reporting in ext4_error_inode(). This prevents the underflow and the follow-on orphan/cleanup churn.
Where it's fixed
| Product | Fixed in | Fix | Released |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | |||
| bpftool · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| bpftool · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| bpftool · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| bpftool-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| bpftool6.12 · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| bpftool6.12-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| dtb-aarch64 · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-64kb · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-64kb · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.53.28.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| kernel-64kb · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-azure · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-azure · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.20.24.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0281-1 | Jan 23, 2026 |
| kernel-azure · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-default · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-default · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.53.28.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| kernel-default · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-default-base · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1.160000.2.6 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-default-base · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.53.28.1.150700.17.19.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| kernel-default-base · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1.160000.2.6 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-devel · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-docs · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-docs · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.53.28.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| kernel-docs · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-headers · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-kvmsmall · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-kvmsmall · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-libbpf · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-libbpf-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-libbpf-devel · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-libbpf-static · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-livepatch-6.1.158-178.288 · amzn 2023 | 1:1.0-0.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-livepatch-6.12.55-74.119 · amzn 2023 | 1:1.0-0.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_8 · sles 15.7 | 1-150700.1.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0278-1 | Jan 23, 2026 |
| kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_8 · sles 15.7 | 1-150700.15.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| kernel-modules-extra · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-modules-extra-common · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-obs-build · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-obs-build · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.53.28.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| kernel-obs-qa · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-obs-qa · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-rt · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-source · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-source · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.53.28.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| kernel-source · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-source-azure · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.20.24.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0281-1 | Jan 23, 2026 |
| kernel-syms · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-syms · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.53.28.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| kernel-syms · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-syms-azure · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.20.24.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0281-1 | Jan 23, 2026 |
| kernel-tools · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-tools-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-tools-devel · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel-uek · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-container · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-container · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-container-debug · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-container-debug · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-core · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-core · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug-core · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug-core · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug-devel · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug-devel · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug-modules · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug-modules · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug-modules-extra · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-debug-modules-extra · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-devel · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-devel · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-doc · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-doc · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-modules · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-modules · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-modules-extra · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-modules-extra · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek-tools · ol 8 | 0:5.4.17-2136.350.3.1.el7uek | ELSA-2025-28049 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k-core · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k-core · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k-devel · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k-devel · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k-modules · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k-modules · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k-modules-extra · ol 8 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-uek64k-modules-extra · ol 9 | 0:5.15.0-315.196.5.1.el9uek | ELSA-2025-28048 | Dec 12, 2025 |
| kernel-zfcpdump · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20145-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel-zfcpdump · sles 15.7 | 6.4.0-150700.53.28.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:0315-1 | Jan 28, 2026 |
| kernel-zfcpdump · sles 16.0 | 6.12.0-160000.9.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20220-1 | Feb 2, 2026 |
| kernel6.12 · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-aarch64 · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-x86_64 · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-devel · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-headers · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-libbpf · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-libbpf-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-libbpf-devel · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-libbpf-static · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-modules-extra · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-modules-extra-common · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-tools · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-tools-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| kernel6.12-tools-devel · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| linux · Debian 12.15 (bookworm) | 6.1.158-1 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-40190 | Nov 12, 2025 |
| linux · Debian 13.5 (trixie) | 6.12.57-1 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-40190 | Nov 12, 2025 |
| linux · Debian 14 | 6.17.6-1 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-40190 | Nov 12, 2025 |
| perf · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| perf-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| perf6.12 · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| perf6.12-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| python3-perf · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| python3-perf-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.1.158-178.288.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1297 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| python3-perf6.12 · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
| python3-perf6.12-debuginfo · amzn 2023 | 1:6.12.55-74.119.amzn2023 | ALAS2023-2025-1316 | Dec 8, 2025 |
Patch Radar data is free to use with attribution. Terms and how to credit it.
Product names, logos and trademarks shown on Patch Radar belong to their respective owners. They are used only to identify the software each security fix applies to and to help readers find their platform. Their use does not imply any affiliation with, or endorsement by, those owners, and Patchblox is not affiliated with any of them.