CVE-2025-4565
Unbounded recursion in Python Protobuf
CVE-2025-4565 is fixed in 21 products on 1 platform, first by elpa-protobuf-mode 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4, released June 16, 2025. It is not reported as exploited. Patch Radar priority: Routine.
Routine
CVSS
5.3
Important
Exploitation
None reported
No vendor assessment
CISA KEV
Not listed
Not in the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
EPSS
0.0026
17th percentile
Any project that uses Protobuf Pure-Python backend to parse untrustedProtocol Buffers data containing an arbitrary number of recursive groups,recursive messages or a series of SGROUP tags can be corrupted by exceedingthe Python recursion limit. This can result in a Denial of service bycrashing the application with a RecursionError. We recommend upgrading toversion =>6.31.1 or beyond commit 17838beda2943d08b8a9d4df5b68f5f04f26d901
Where it's fixed
| Product | Fixed in | Fix | Released |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | |||
| elpa-protobuf-mode · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) | 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | elpa-protobuf-mode 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| elpa-protobuf-mode · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) | 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | elpa-protobuf-mode 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| elpa-protobuf-mode · Ubuntu 25.04 (plucky) | 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | elpa-protobuf-mode 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | Jan 16, 2026 |
| libprotobuf-java · Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (bionic) | 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | libprotobuf-java 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf-java · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) | 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | libprotobuf-java 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf-java · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) | 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | libprotobuf-java 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf-java · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) | 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | libprotobuf-java 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf-java · Ubuntu 25.04 (plucky) | 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | libprotobuf-java 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | Jan 16, 2026 |
| libprotobuf-lite10 · Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (bionic) | 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | libprotobuf-lite10 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf-lite17 · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) | 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | libprotobuf-lite17 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf-lite23 · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) | 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | libprotobuf-lite23 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf-lite32t64 · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) | 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | libprotobuf-lite32t64 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf-lite32t64 · Ubuntu 25.04 (plucky) | 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | libprotobuf-lite32t64 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | Jan 16, 2026 |
| libprotobuf10 · Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (bionic) | 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | libprotobuf10 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf17 · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) | 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | libprotobuf17 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf23 · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) | 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | libprotobuf23 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf32t64 · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) | 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | libprotobuf32t64 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotobuf32t64 · Ubuntu 25.04 (plucky) | 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | libprotobuf32t64 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | Jan 16, 2026 |
| libprotoc10 · Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (bionic) | 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | libprotoc10 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotoc17 · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) | 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | libprotoc17 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotoc23 · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) | 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | libprotoc23 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotoc32t64 · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) | 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | libprotoc32t64 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| libprotoc32t64 · Ubuntu 25.04 (plucky) | 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | libprotoc32t64 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | Jan 16, 2026 |
| php-google-protobuf · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) | 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | php-google-protobuf 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| php-google-protobuf · Ubuntu 25.04 (plucky) | 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | php-google-protobuf 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | Jan 16, 2026 |
| protobuf · Debian 12.15 (bookworm) | 3.21.12-3+deb12u1 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-4565 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| protobuf · Debian 13.5 (trixie) | 3.21.12-11+deb13u1 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-4565 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| protobuf · Debian 14 | 3.21.12-12 | DEBIAN-CVE-2025-4565 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| protobuf · opensuse-leap 15.6 | 25.1-150600.16.13.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:02311-1 | Jul 15, 2025 |
| protobuf · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 28.3-160000.3.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20390-1 | Mar 18, 2026 |
| protobuf · sles 15.6 | 3.9.2-150200.4.27.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:3722-1 | Oct 22, 2025 |
| protobuf · sles 15.7 | 3.9.2-150200.4.27.1 | SUSE-SU-2025:3722-1 | Oct 22, 2025 |
| protobuf · sles 16.0 | 28.3-160000.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20907-1 | Mar 18, 2026 |
| protobuf-compiler · Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (bionic) | 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | protobuf-compiler 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| protobuf-compiler · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) | 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | protobuf-compiler 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| protobuf-compiler · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) | 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | protobuf-compiler 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| protobuf-compiler · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) | 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | protobuf-compiler 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| protobuf-compiler · Ubuntu 25.04 (plucky) | 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | protobuf-compiler 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | Jan 16, 2026 |
| protobuf-java · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 28.3-160000.3.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20390-1 | Mar 18, 2026 |
| protobuf-java · sles 16.0 | 28.3-160000.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20907-1 | Mar 18, 2026 |
| python-protobuf · Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (bionic) | 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | python-protobuf 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| python-protobuf · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) | 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | python-protobuf 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| python-protobuf · opensuse-leap 16.0 | 5.28.3-160000.3.1 | OPENSUSE-SU-2026:20390-1 | Mar 18, 2026 |
| python-protobuf · sles 16.0 | 5.28.3-160000.3.1 | SUSE-SU-2026:20907-1 | Mar 18, 2026 |
| python3-protobuf · Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (bionic) | 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | python3-protobuf 3.0.0-9.1ubuntu1.1+esm3 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| python3-protobuf · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) | 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | python3-protobuf 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| python3-protobuf · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) | 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | python3-protobuf 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| python3-protobuf · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) | 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | python3-protobuf 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| python3-protobuf · Ubuntu 25.04 (plucky) | 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | python3-protobuf 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | Jan 16, 2026 |
| ruby-google-protobuf · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) | 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | ruby-google-protobuf 3.6.1.3-2ubuntu5.2+esm2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| ruby-google-protobuf · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) | 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | ruby-google-protobuf 3.12.4-1ubuntu7.22.04.4 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| ruby-google-protobuf · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) | 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | ruby-google-protobuf 3.21.12-8.2ubuntu0.2 | Jun 16, 2025 |
| ruby-google-protobuf · Ubuntu 25.04 (plucky) | 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | ruby-google-protobuf 3.21.12-10ubuntu0.1 | Jan 16, 2026 |
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