CVE-2025-39748

bpf: Forget ranges when refining tnum after JSET

CVE-2025-39748 is fixed in 95 products on 1 platform, first by DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39748, released September 11, 2025. It is not reported as exploited. Patch Radar priority: Routine.

Routine
CVSS
5.5
Moderate
Exploitation
None reported
No vendor assessment
CISA KEV
Not listed
Not in the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
EPSS
0.0017
6th percentile

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Forget ranges when refining tnum after JSET Syzbot reported a kernel warning due to a range invariant violation on the following BPF program. 0: call bpf_get_netns_cookie 1: if r0 == 0 goto <exit> 2: if r0 & Oxffffffff goto <exit> The issue is on the path where we fall through both jumps. That path is unreachable at runtime: after insn 1, we know r0 != 0, but with the sign extension on the jset, we would only fallthrough insn 2 if r0 == 0. Unfortunately, is_branch_taken() isn't currently able to figure this out, so the verifier walks all branches. The verifier then refines the register bounds using the second condition and we end up with inconsistent bounds on this unreachable path: 1: if r0 == 0 goto <exit> r0: u64=[0x1, 0xffffffffffffffff] var_off=(0, 0xffffffffffffffff) 2: if r0 & 0xffffffff goto <exit> r0 before reg_bounds_sync: u64=[0x1, 0xffffffffffffffff] var_off=(0, 0) r0 after reg_bounds_sync: u64=[0x1, 0] var_off=(0, 0) Improving the range refinement for JSET to cover all cases is tricky. We also don't expect many users to rely on JSET given LLVM doesn't generate those instructions. So instead of improving the range refinement for JSETs, Eduard suggested we forget the ranges whenever we're narrowing tnums after a JSET. This patch implements that approach.

Where it's fixed

ProductFixed inFixReleased
Linux
bpftool · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
bpftool-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
bpftool6.12 · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
bpftool6.12-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
dtb-aarch64 · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-64kb · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-64kb · sles 15.7 6.4.0-150700.53.34.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-64kb · sles 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:21139-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-azure · sles 15.7 6.4.0-150700.53.34.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-debuginfo-common-aarch64 · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64 · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-default · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-default · sles 15.7 6.4.0-150700.53.34.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-default · sles 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:21139-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-default-base · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1.160000.2.4 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-default-base · sles 15.7 6.4.0-150700.53.34.1.150700.17.23.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-default-base · sles 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1.160000.2.4 SUSE-SU-2025:21139-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-devel · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-docs · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-docs · sles 15.7 6.4.0-150700.53.34.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-docs · sles 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:21139-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-headers · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-kvmsmall · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-kvmsmall · sles 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:21139-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-libbpf · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-libbpf-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-libbpf-devel · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-libbpf-static · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-livepatch-6.1.168-202.320 · amzn 2023 1:1.0-0.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-livepatch-6.12.46-66.121 · amzn 2023 1:1.0-0.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_10 · sles 15.7 1-150700.1.3.1 SUSE-SU-2026:0962-1 Mar 23, 2026
kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_10 · sles 15.7 1-150700.15.3.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-modules-extra · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-modules-extra-common · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-obs-build · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-obs-build · sles 15.7 6.4.0-150700.53.34.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-obs-qa · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-obs-qa · sles 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:21139-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-rt · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-source · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-source · sles 15.7 6.4.0-150700.53.34.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-source · sles 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:21139-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-syms · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-syms · sles 15.7 6.4.0-150700.53.34.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-syms · sles 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:21139-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-tools · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-tools-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-tools-devel · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
kernel-uek · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-core · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-core · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-core · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-core · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-devel · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-devel · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-core · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-core · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-deprecated · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-deprecated · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-desktop · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-desktop · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-extra · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-extra · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-extra-netfilter · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-extra-netfilter · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-usb · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-usb · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-wireless · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-debug-modules-wireless · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-devel · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-devel · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-doc · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-doc · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-core · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-core · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-deprecated · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-deprecated · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-desktop · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-desktop · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-extra · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-extra · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-extra-netfilter · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-extra-netfilter · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-usb · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-usb · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-wireless · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-modules-wireless · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-tools · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek-tools · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-core · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-core · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-devel · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-devel · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-core · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-core · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-deprecated · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-deprecated · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-desktop · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-desktop · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-extra · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-extra · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-extra-netfilter · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-extra-netfilter · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-usb · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-usb · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-wireless · ol 10 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-uek64k-modules-wireless · ol 9 0:6.12.0-104.43.4.2.el9uek ELSA-2025-20662 Oct 14, 2025
kernel-zfcpdump · opensuse-leap 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 OPENSUSE-SU-2025:20081-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel-zfcpdump · sles 15.7 6.4.0-150700.53.34.1 SUSE-SU-2026:1081-1 Mar 26, 2026
kernel-zfcpdump · sles 16.0 6.12.0-160000.6.1 SUSE-SU-2025:21139-1 Nov 25, 2025
kernel6.12 · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-aarch64 · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-debuginfo-common-x86_64 · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-devel · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-headers · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-libbpf · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-libbpf-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-libbpf-devel · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-libbpf-static · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-modules-extra · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-modules-extra-common · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-tools · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-tools-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
kernel6.12-tools-devel · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
linux · Debian 12.15 (bookworm) 6.1.170-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39748 Sep 11, 2025
linux · Debian 13.5 (trixie) 6.12.43-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39748 Sep 11, 2025
linux · Debian 14 6.16.3-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39748 Sep 11, 2025
perf · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
perf-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
perf6.12 · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
perf6.12-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
python3-perf · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
python3-perf-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.1.168-202.320.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2026-1681 May 11, 2026
python3-perf6.12 · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025
python3-perf6.12-debuginfo · amzn 2023 1:6.12.46-66.121.amzn2023 ALAS2023-2025-1208 Sep 23, 2025

Patch Radar data is free to use with attribution. Terms and how to credit it.

Product names, logos and trademarks shown on Patch Radar belong to their respective owners. They are used only to identify the software each security fix applies to and to help readers find their platform. Their use does not imply any affiliation with, or endorsement by, those owners, and Patchblox is not affiliated with any of them.