CVE-2023-26485

cmark-gfm: cmark-gfm is GitHub's fork of cmark, a CommonMark parsing and renderinglibrary and program in C

CVE-2023-26485 is fixed in 10 products on 1 platform, first by cmark-gfm 0.29.0.gfm.0-4ubuntu0.1~esm1, released March 31, 2023. It is not reported as exploited. Patch Radar priority: High.

High
CVSS
7.5
Medium
Exploitation
None reported
No vendor assessment
CISA KEV
Not listed
Not in the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
EPSS
0.0103
63rd percentile

cmark-gfm is GitHub's fork of cmark, a CommonMark parsing and renderinglibrary and program in C. A polynomial time complexity issue in cmark-gfmmay lead to unbounded resource exhaustion and subsequent denial of service.This CVE covers quadratic complexity issues when parsing text which leadswith either large numbers of `_` characters. This issue has been addressedin version 0.29.0.gfm.10. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable toupgrade should validate that their input comes from trusted sources.### ImpactA polynomial time complexity issue in cmark-gfm may lead to unboundedresource exhaustion and subsequent denial of service.### Proof of concept```$ ~/cmark-gfm$ python3 -c 'pad = "_" * 100000; print(pad + "." + pad,end="")' | time ./build/src/cmark-gfm --to plaintext```Increasing the number 10000 in the above commands causes the running timeto increase quadratically.### PatchesThis vulnerability have been patched in 0.29.0.gfm.10.### Note on cmark and cmark-gfmXXX: TBD[cmark-gfm](https://github.com/github/cmark-gfm) is a fork of[cmark](https://github.com/commonmark/cmark) that adds the GitHub FlavoredMarkdown extensions. The two codebases have diverged over time, but share acommon core. These bugs affect both `cmark` and `cmark-gfm`.### CreditWe would like to thank @gravypod for reporting this vulnerability.### Referenceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_complexity### For more informationIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:* Open an issue in [github/cmark-gfm](https://github.com/github/cmark-gfm)

Where it's fixed

ProductFixed inFixReleased
Linux
cmark-gfm · Debian 13.5 (trixie) 0.29.0.gfm.13-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2023-26485 Mar 31, 2023
cmark-gfm · Debian 14 0.29.0.gfm.13-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2023-26485 Mar 31, 2023
cmark-gfm · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) 0.29.0.gfm.0-4ubuntu0.1~esm1 cmark-gfm 0.29.0.gfm.0-4ubuntu0.1~esm1 Mar 31, 2023
cmark-gfm · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) 0.29.0.gfm.3-3ubuntu0.1~esm1 cmark-gfm 0.29.0.gfm.3-3ubuntu0.1~esm1 Mar 31, 2023
cmark-gfm · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.04.1~esm1 cmark-gfm 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.04.1~esm1 Mar 31, 2023
cmark-gfm · Ubuntu 24.10 (oracular) 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.10.1 cmark-gfm 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.10.1 Jan 16, 2026
libcmark-gfm-extensions0 · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) 0.29.0.gfm.0-4ubuntu0.1~esm1 libcmark-gfm-extensions0 0.29.0.gfm.0-4ubuntu0.1~esm1 Mar 31, 2023
libcmark-gfm-extensions0.29.0.gfm.3 · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) 0.29.0.gfm.3-3ubuntu0.1~esm1 libcmark-gfm-extensions0.29.0.gfm.3 0.29.0.gfm.3-3ubuntu0.1~esm1 Mar 31, 2023
libcmark-gfm-extensions0.29.0.gfm.6 · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.04.1~esm1 libcmark-gfm-extensions0.29.0.gfm.6 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.04.1~esm1 Mar 31, 2023
libcmark-gfm-extensions0.29.0.gfm.6 · Ubuntu 24.10 (oracular) 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.10.1 libcmark-gfm-extensions0.29.0.gfm.6 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.10.1 Jan 16, 2026
libcmark-gfm0 · Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (focal) 0.29.0.gfm.0-4ubuntu0.1~esm1 libcmark-gfm0 0.29.0.gfm.0-4ubuntu0.1~esm1 Mar 31, 2023
libcmark-gfm0.29.0.gfm.3 · Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS (jammy) 0.29.0.gfm.3-3ubuntu0.1~esm1 libcmark-gfm0.29.0.gfm.3 0.29.0.gfm.3-3ubuntu0.1~esm1 Mar 31, 2023
libcmark-gfm0.29.0.gfm.6 · Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS (noble) 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.04.1~esm1 libcmark-gfm0.29.0.gfm.6 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.04.1~esm1 Mar 31, 2023
libcmark-gfm0.29.0.gfm.6 · Ubuntu 24.10 (oracular) 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.10.1 libcmark-gfm0.29.0.gfm.6 0.29.0.gfm.6-6ubuntu0.24.10.1 Jan 16, 2026
python-cmarkgfm · Debian 13.5 (trixie) 2024.11.20-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2023-26485 Mar 31, 2023
python-cmarkgfm · Debian 14 2024.11.20-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2023-26485 Mar 31, 2023
r-cran-commonmark · Debian 13.5 (trixie) 1.9.1-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2023-26485 Mar 31, 2023
r-cran-commonmark · Debian 14 1.9.1-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2023-26485 Mar 31, 2023
ruby-commonmarker · Debian 13.5 (trixie) 0.23.10-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2023-26485 Mar 31, 2023
ruby-commonmarker · Debian 14 0.23.10-1 DEBIAN-CVE-2023-26485 Mar 31, 2023

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