# CVE-2026-102276: brace-expansion: DoS via uncontrolled recursion in parseCommaParts causing stack exhaustion

CVE-2026-102276 is fixed in 31 products on 1 platform, first by DEBIAN-CVE-2026-102276, released October 9, 2026. It is not reported as exploited. Patch Radar priority: High.

- Web page: https://patchblox.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-102276
- Priority: High
- CVSS: 8.1 (Important)
- EPSS: 0.0046
- CISA KEV: not listed
- Exploited (vendor report): no
- Publicly disclosed: no
- Published: Sep 28, 2026
- Weakness: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
- Vendor advisory: https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-102276

## Description

The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.19, 2.1.5, 3.0.7, and 5.0.10, crafted brace patterns can exhaust the native stack in parseCommaParts because parseCommaParts recursively processes the remainder once per brace group and uses push.apply to pass every element of a very large comma-part array as a function argument. Patterns containing many comma-separated brace groups trigger the recursive path, while the large array triggers the argument-array path without deep recursion. These paths cause recursive and argument-array native stack exhaustion before max or maxLength can limit output, potentially terminating the Node.js process in a process-terminating denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.19, 2.1.5, 3.0.7, and 5.0.10.

## Where it's fixed

| Platform | Product | Fixed in | Fix | Released |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | node-brace-expansion Debian 14 | 2.1.7+~1.1.2-1 | [DEBIAN-CVE-2026-102276](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/debian-cve-2026-102276.md) | Oct 9, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs RHEL 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module+el8.10.0+25218+d9e131cb | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs RHEL 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module+el9.8.0+25216+afa2a4a4 | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs almalinux 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module_el8.10.0+4331+0683c9c1 | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs almalinux 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module_el9.8.0+333+788f3075 | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs ol 8 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el8.10.0+91090+8c7726c5 | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs ol 9 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el9.8.0+91091+c060d8b4 | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs rocky 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module+el9.8.0+40401+e24b8c95 | [RLSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rlsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-devel RHEL 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module+el8.10.0+25218+d9e131cb | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-devel RHEL 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module+el9.8.0+25216+afa2a4a4 | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-devel almalinux 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module_el8.10.0+4331+0683c9c1 | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-devel almalinux 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module_el9.8.0+333+788f3075 | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-devel ol 8 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el8.10.0+91090+8c7726c5 | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-devel ol 9 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el9.8.0+91091+c060d8b4 | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-docs RHEL 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module+el8.10.0+25218+d9e131cb | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-docs RHEL 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module+el9.8.0+25216+afa2a4a4 | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-docs almalinux 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module_el8.10.0+4331+0683c9c1 | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-docs almalinux 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module_el9.8.0+333+788f3075 | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-docs ol 8 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el8.10.0+91090+8c7726c5 | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-docs ol 9 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el9.8.0+91091+c060d8b4 | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-full-i18n RHEL 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module+el8.10.0+25218+d9e131cb | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-full-i18n RHEL 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module+el9.8.0+25216+afa2a4a4 | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-full-i18n almalinux 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module_el8.10.0+4331+0683c9c1 | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-full-i18n almalinux 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module_el9.8.0+333+788f3075 | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-full-i18n ol 8 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el8.10.0+91090+8c7726c5 | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-full-i18n ol 9 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el9.8.0+91091+c060d8b4 | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-libs RHEL 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module+el8.10.0+25218+d9e131cb | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-libs RHEL 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module+el9.8.0+25216+afa2a4a4 | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-libs almalinux 8 | 1:24.22.1-1.module_el8.10.0+4331+0683c9c1 | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-libs almalinux 9 | 1:24.22.1-3.module_el9.8.0+333+788f3075 | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-libs ol 8 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el8.10.0+91090+8c7726c5 | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-libs ol 9 | 1:24.21.0-1.0.1.module+el9.8.0+91091+c060d8b4 | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-nodemon RHEL 8 | 0:3.1.14-2.module+el8.10.0+24711+b610b202 | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-nodemon RHEL 9 | 0:3.1.14-3.module+el9.8.0+24708+e71d2e1d | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-nodemon almalinux 8 | 3.1.14-2.module_el8.10.0+4250+09238ed4 | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-nodemon almalinux 9 | 3.1.14-3.module_el9.8.0+292+f4eaf8b2 | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-nodemon ol 8 | 0:3.1.14-2.module+el8.10.0+91054+4b1a799c | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-nodemon ol 9 | 0:3.1.14-3.module+el9.8.0+91009+5d530ccd | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-nodemon rocky 8 | 0:3.1.14-2.module+el8.10.0+40277+b1b3f89e | [RLSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rlsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-nodemon rocky 9 | 0:3.1.14-3.module+el9.8.0+40281+14cc6568 | [RLSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rlsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging RHEL 8 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el8.10.0+24711+b610b202 | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging RHEL 9 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el9.8.0+24708+e71d2e1d | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging almalinux 8 | 2021.06-6.module_el8.10.0+4086+70facd4a | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging almalinux 9 | 2021.06-6.module_el9.7.0+209+ecf6523e | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging ol 8 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el8.10.0+91054+4b1a799c | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging ol 9 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el9.8.0+91009+5d530ccd | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging rocky 8 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el8.10.0+40048+6d99f608 | [RLSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rlsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging rocky 9 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el9.7.0+40165+d075e3f2 | [RLSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rlsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging-bundler RHEL 8 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el8.10.0+24711+b610b202 | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging-bundler RHEL 9 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el9.8.0+24708+e71d2e1d | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging-bundler almalinux 8 | 2021.06-6.module_el8.10.0+4086+70facd4a | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging-bundler almalinux 9 | 2021.06-6.module_el9.7.0+209+ecf6523e | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging-bundler ol 8 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el8.10.0+91054+4b1a799c | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs-packaging-bundler ol 9 | 0:2021.06-6.module+el9.8.0+91009+5d530ccd | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs22 amzn 2023 | 1:22.23.3-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs22-debuginfo amzn 2023 | 1:22.23.3-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs22-debugsource amzn 2023 | 1:22.23.3-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs22-devel amzn 2023 | 1:22.23.3-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs22-docs amzn 2023 | 1:22.23.3-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs22-full-i18n amzn 2023 | 1:22.23.3-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs22-libs amzn 2023 | 1:22.23.3-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs22-libs-debuginfo amzn 2023 | 1:22.23.3-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs22-npm amzn 2023 | 1:10.9.9-1.22.23.3.1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs24 amzn 2023 | 1:24.22.0-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs24-debuginfo amzn 2023 | 1:24.22.0-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs24-debugsource amzn 2023 | 1:24.22.0-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs24-devel amzn 2023 | 1:24.22.0-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs24-docs amzn 2023 | 1:24.22.0-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs24-full-i18n amzn 2023 | 1:24.22.0-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs24-libs amzn 2023 | 1:24.22.0-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs24-libs-debuginfo amzn 2023 | 1:24.22.0-1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | nodejs24-npm amzn 2023 | 1:11.19.1-1.24.22.0.1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | npm RHEL 8 | 1:11.19.1-1.24.22.1.1.module+el8.10.0+25218+d9e131cb | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | npm RHEL 9 | 1:11.19.1-1.24.22.1.3.module+el9.8.0+25216+afa2a4a4 | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | npm almalinux 8 | 1:11.19.1-1.24.22.1.1.module_el8.10.0+4331+0683c9c1 | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | npm almalinux 9 | 1:11.19.1-1.24.22.1.3.module_el9.8.0+333+788f3075 | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | npm ol 8 | 1:11.19.0-1.24.21.0.1.0.1.module+el8.10.0+91090+8c7726c5 | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | npm ol 9 | 1:11.19.0-1.24.21.0.1.0.1.module+el9.8.0+91091+c060d8b4 | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | pi-coding-agent opensuse-leap 16.0 | 1.0.4-bp160.1.1 | [OPENSUSE-SU-2026:22111-1](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/opensuse-su-2026-22111-1.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | v8-12.4-devel amzn 2023 | 3:12.4.254.21-1.22.23.3.1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3277](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3277.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | v8-13.6-devel RHEL 8 | 3:13.6.233.17-1.24.22.1.1.module+el8.10.0+25218+d9e131cb | [RHSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92376.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | v8-13.6-devel RHEL 9 | 3:13.6.233.17-1.24.22.1.3.module+el9.8.0+25216+afa2a4a4 | [RHSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/rhsa-2026-92378.md) | Oct 30, 2026 |
| Linux | v8-13.6-devel almalinux 8 | 3:13.6.233.17-1.24.22.1.1.module_el8.10.0+4331+0683c9c1 | [ALSA-2026:92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | v8-13.6-devel almalinux 9 | 3:13.6.233.17-1.24.22.1.3.module_el9.8.0+333+788f3075 | [ALSA-2026:92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | v8-13.6-devel amzn 2023 | 3:13.6.233.17-1.24.22.0.1.amzn2023.0.1 | [ALAS2023-2026-3297](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/alas2023-2026-3297.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | v8-13.6-devel ol 8 | 3:13.6.233.17-1.24.21.0.1.0.1.module+el8.10.0+91090+8c7726c5 | [ELSA-2026-92376](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92376.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |
| Linux | v8-13.6-devel ol 9 | 3:13.6.233.17-1.24.21.0.1.0.1.module+el9.8.0+91091+c060d8b4 | [ELSA-2026-92378](https://patchblox.com/security/data/fix/linux/elsa-2026-92378.md) | Nov 7, 2026 |

---

Data as of 2026-11-09T13:31:49Z UTC. Source: Patchblox Patch Radar (https://patchblox.com/security/patch-radar). Patchblox finds out-of-date software on Windows, macOS and Linux and updates it through release rings: https://patchblox.com/demo

Free to use with attribution: show "Data: Patchblox Patch Radar" with a link to https://patchblox.com/security/patch-radar. Terms, including what needs a written agreement: https://patchblox.com/security/patch-radar/use-the-data

Product names, logos and trademarks shown on Patch Radar belong to their respective owners. They are used only to identify the software each security fix applies to and to help readers find their platform. Their use does not imply any affiliation with, or endorsement by, those owners, and Patchblox is not affiliated with any of them.