{
  "cveId": "CVE-2025-39985",
  "url": "https://patchblox.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-39985",
  "summary": "CVE-2025-39985 is fixed in 24 products on 1 platform, first by DEBIAN-CVE-2025-39985, released October 15, 2025. It is not reported as exploited. Patch Radar priority: Urgent.",
  "title": "can: mcba_usb: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow",
  "description": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:  can: mcba_usb: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow  Sending an PF_PACKET allows to bypass the CAN framework logic and to directly reach the xmit() function of a CAN driver. The only check which is performed by the PF_PACKET framework is to make sure that skb-\u003Elen fits the interface\u0027s MTU.  Unfortunately, because the mcba_usb driver does not populate its net_device_ops-\u003Endo_change_mtu(), it is possible for an attacker to configure an invalid MTU by doing, for example:    $ ip link set can0 mtu 9999  After doing so, the attacker could open a PF_PACKET socket using the ETH_P_CANXL protocol:  \tsocket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_CANXL))  to inject a malicious CAN XL frames. For example:  \tstruct canxl_frame frame = { \t\t.flags = 0xff, \t\t.len = 2048, \t};  The CAN drivers\u0027 xmit() function are calling can_dev_dropped_skb() to check that the skb is valid, unfortunately under above conditions, the malicious packet is able to go through can_dev_dropped_skb() checks:    1. the skb-\u003Eprotocol is set to ETH_P_CANXL which is valid (the      function does not check the actual device capabilities).    2. the length is a valid CAN XL length.  And so, mcba_usb_start_xmit() receives a CAN XL frame which it is not able to correctly handle and will thus misinterpret it as a CAN frame.  This can result in a buffer overflow. The driver will consume cf-\u003Elen as-is with no further checks on these lines:  \tusb_msg.dlc = cf-\u003Elen;  \tmemcpy(usb_msg.data, cf-\u003Edata, usb_msg.dlc);  Here, cf-\u003Elen corresponds to the flags field of the CAN XL frame. In our previous example, we set canxl_frame-\u003Eflags to 0xff. Because the maximum expected length is 8, a buffer overflow of 247 bytes occurs!  Populate net_device_ops-\u003Endo_change_mtu() to ensure that the interface\u0027s MTU can not be set to anything bigger than CAN_MTU. By fixing the root cause, this prevents the buffer overflow.",
  "published": "2025-10-15T08:15:36Z",
  "severity": "Critical",
  "cvss": 9.8,
  "cvssVector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
  "epss": 0.0018,
  "epssPercentile": 0.07663,
  "priority": "Urgent",
  "priorityTier": 2,
  "exploited": false,
  "vendorExploited": false,
  "disclosed": false,
  "vendorAdvisory": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-39985",
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